[Editor's note: This is the fourth of five stories about the University of Texas/Texas Tribune poll. Monday we looked at Texas voters and the 2012 presidential contest. Tuesday, how voters rate Rick Perry's job performance. Yesterday, the races for U.S. Senate and lieutenant governor. Tomorrow, the most important issues facing the state and the nation.]
The two Mormons running for president — Republicans Mitt Romney and Jon Huntsman — face a significant obstacle in Texas. More than one in five Texas voters — 23 percent — say most of the people they know would not vote for a Mormon presidential candidate even if they agreed with him or her on the issues, according to the new University of Texas/Texas Tribune poll.
A slight majority of 53 percent said most of the people they know would vote for a Mormon if they agreed on issues; 25 percent said they don't know how people would vote.
"It tells me that it's not resolved," said Jim Henson, a UT government professor, director of the Texas Politics Project and co-director of the poll. "There are a lot of 'I don't knows,' and I don't know is related to doubt."
Henson said the numbers reveal that doubt but don't necessarily say how people will vote come March. "You have to take the Mormon question with a grain of salt, because there's an acceptability factor in how people answer the question," he said.
Women were less likely than men to say the people they know would vote for a Mormon candidate for president. Daron Shaw, a government professor and co-director of the poll, said the number people who answered "no" points to a real issue in the campaign.
"A quarter of the electorate wouldn't do that even if they agree? That's a huge number," Shaw said.
Immigration
Gov. Rick Perry's troubles with questions about illegal immigration are evident in the Texas electorate, where only 28 percent said illegal immigrants who have lived in the state for at least a year and graduated from a Texas high school should receive the in-state discount on tuition at Texas colleges and universities. Most — 55 percent — said those students should pay the higher out-of-state rates. Seventeen percent didn't have an opinion.
"This is a major, major big deal," Shaw said. "It is a cutting-edge issue here in the state of Texas. It is clearly salient."
Texans answered in much the same way in earlier UT/Tribune polls, but after a presidential primary debate made Perry's position clear, the immigration policy he laid out is cutting into his support in the presidential race and giving other candidates an opening. "I don't think any but the most attentive Republicans knew Perry's position," Shaw said. "It was laid bare in this debate."
Among those who favored in-state tuition for those students, two-thirds said those students should also be eligible to receive state-funded financial aid for college.
Most Texans don't agree with federal proposals to provide a pathway to citizenship for illegal immigrants currently living in the U.S. Slightly more than half — 51 percent — oppose the policy, including 36 percent who strongly oppose it. Another 39 percent favor the proposal, 19 percent of them strongly.
Tea Party/Occupy Wall Street
Asked how they would vote in a generic U.S. Senate race, 47 percent said they would vote for the Republican, while 30 percent would vote for the Democrat. Another 4 percent chose "someone else," and the rest said they haven't thought about it enough to have an opinion.
If the Tea Party movement turned into a political party, it would be bigger than the GOP in Texas: 24 percent said they would join the Tea Party, compared with 20 percent who'd join the Republicans and 33 percent who would join the Democrats. Another 24 percent said they don't know which party they would join, if any.
At this point in Texas, the Republicans who identify with the Tea Party are going to Herman Cain, not Perry. And the Republicans least likely to identify with the Tea Party are sticking with the governor. That's a flip from the gubernatorial election.
The reaction to the Tea Party's influence on the GOP is mixed, with 30 percent saying it has too much influence, 23 percent saying it has too little, and 25 percent saying the Tea Party has about the right amount of influence.
Only 23 percent of Texas voters don't have an opinion about the "Occupy Wall Street" or "99 percent" protests. The rest are split: 37 percent support the protests (20 percent of them strongly), and 40 percent oppose the protests (32 percent of them strongly so).
"It's much more favorably viewed by Democrats," Henson said of the protest movement. "There's a clear partisan structure in that."
There are broad similarities between the OWS and Tea Party movements, but the protests are newer and less established; Henson thinks it's too early to say OWS is to the Democrats what the Tea Party is to the Republicans.
Other issues
Public schools in Texas got average grades from the poll's respondents, with 36 percent saying the quality of education is "good" and 32 percent answering "not very good." Only 7 percent said public schools in Texas are excellent; 19 percent chose "terrible" as their description.
Most of the respondents — 53 percent — said Texas spends too little on its public schools, while 14 percent said the state spends too much. Twenty-two percent said Texas spends about the right amount, and 11 percent didn't have an opinion.
The death penalty remains popular in Texas, with 49 percent saying they strongly support it and another 25 percent saying they somewhat support it. Only 21 percent oppose it — 12 percent of them strongly so.
Ask how often people are wrongly convicted in death penalty cases in Texas and some uncertainty becomes apparent. One third answered "never" or "almost never," but 41 percent answered "occasionally" and 15 percent answered "a great deal of the time." Eleven percent had no opinion.
Texans are split on abortion rights, with 16 percent saying abortions should never be permitted; 31 percent saying abortions should be permitted only in cases of rape, incest and when the life of the mother is in danger; 12 percent saying it should be permitted in other circumstances "only after the need for the abortion has been clearly established"; and 36 percent saying it should always be available as a matter of personal choice. Put another way, 47 percent oppose abortion, some with limited exceptions, and 48 percent say it should be allowed, some saying only when the need is established. Only 5 percent said they don't have an opinion.
The latest UT/Tribune internet survey of 800 registered voters was conducted Oct. 19-26. The margin of error is +/-3.46 percent.
REFERENCE MATERIAL
UT/TT Poll: October 2011: Day 4 Summary
UT/TT Poll: October 2011 Methodology
