The Texas House approved legislation that takes aim at critical race theory and would limit what public school students can be taught about the United States’ history of subjugating people of color.
By a vote of 79-65, the House passed House Bill 3979 by Rep. Steve Toth, R-The Woodlands, Tuesday evening. An earlier vote advancing the bill came after about four hours of debate that stretched into the early morning Tuesday. The support in the chamber came over opposition from dozens of education, business and community groups. The bill now heads to the Senate, which has already approved a similar proposal. Lt. Gov. Dan Patrick has been vocal about his support of the legislation.
HB 3979 is part of a national effort by red-state legislatures to ban or limit the teaching of critical race theory, an academic discipline that examines how racism has shaped legal and social systems within the United States and views race as a social construct. Toth's legislation says a teacher cannot "require or make part of a course" a series of race-related concepts, including the ideas that “one race or sex is inherently superior to another race or sex,” or that someone is “inherently racist, sexist, or oppressive” based on their race or sex.
“House Bill 3979 is about teaching racial harmony by telling the truth that we are all equal, both in God’s eyes and our founding documents,” Toth said as he introduced the legislation on the House floor Monday.
Repeatedly invoking critical race theory, Toth later asked, “Do you want our Texas kids to be taught that the system of government in the United States and Texas is nothing but a cover-up for white supremacy? Do you want them to be taught a souped-up version of Marxism?”
Democrats blasted the bill — as well as Toth — as uninformed. He got perhaps the strongest pushback from Rep. Mary González of Clint, who said she studied critical race theory as part of the doctoral degree she earned two years ago.
“We are making very real decisions about access to educational resources without even having a full understanding of what we’re talking about,” Gonzalez said, “and I can speak to this because I literally spent 10 years getting a Ph.D. in this in which I have seen the opposite of what you’re talking about happen, that compassion and love stem from this theory, stem from this research and stem from the academic writings” related to it.
The vote on the bill fell almost entirely along party lines. One Democrat, Rep. Richard Peña Raymond of Laredo, joined Republicans in backing the legislation, while one GOP member, Rep. Lyle Larson of San Antonio, crossed over to oppose the bill, according to an unofficial vote count.
Democrats also took issue with — and unsuccessfully sought to remove — parts of the bill that would limit discussion of current events in the classroom, prohibit private funding for social studies courses, and prevent teachers from requiring for credit any work with an organization involved in legislative lobbying or political activism. When it comes to current events, the bill says a social studies teacher cannot be forced to "discuss a particular current event or widely debated and currently controversial issue" — and if they choose to, they should try their best to offer "diverse and contending perspectives without giving deference to any one perspective."
Toth nonetheless accepted several amendments from Democrats expanding the list of “founding documents” that the legislation says should be included in teaching. For example, one of the amendments added a slew of documents related to the civil rights movement, such as Martin Luther King Jr.’s “Letter from a Birmingham Jail” and his “I Have a Dream” speech.
At the same time, Toth added an amendment to the bill banning mandatory teaching of The 1619 Project, a program developed by The New York Times Magazine that is based on critical race theory. And at Toth's urging, the House rejected a Democratic amendment to ensure students learn about the deadly U.S. Capitol riot earlier this year. Toth said the amendment had "nothing to do with the bill."
Around 70 education, business and community groups across the state have voiced their opposition to Toth’s bill, citing concerns that it would discourage civic engagement and chip away at local decision-making.
“This bill would restrict local control with our school districts and affect how teachers discuss current events with their students,” the North Texas Commission, a public-private partnership of education and business groups, wrote in a letter opposing the bill. “This legislation conflicts with current learning standards which allow teachers to bring emerging topics to the classroom for discussion and critical thinking.”
Rep. Jarvis Johnson, D-Houston, decried HB 3979 as “tyranny” shortly before the vote Tuesday morning.
“We have come to this body and have made the decision to tell our teachers how and what to teach,” said Johnson, who is Black, adding that there is “not one agency that has compelled a teacher to teach critical race theory, so this author literally is legislating nothing — an overreach of power.”
Kate McGee contributed to this story.
